CARACAS, Venezuela – Venezuelan officials may face U.S. sanctions for profiting from food shortages that have exacerbated hunger in the South American country.
The calls by members of Congress on both sides of the aisle come in response to an investigation that found trafficking in hard-to-find food has become big business in Venezuela, with the military at the heart of the graft. Embattled socialist President Nicolás Maduro has given the military increasingly broad control over the food supply as shortages have led to widespread malnutrition this year.
“When the military is profiting off of food distribution while the Venezuelan people increasingly starve, corruption has reached a new level of depravity that cannot go unnoticed,” said Democratic Sen. Ben Cardin of Maryland, the ranking member of the Foreign Relations Committee.
The report published last month detailed a chain of dirty dealing by the military, including kickbacks to generals for food contracts and bribes to move food out of the port. Some of the food is purchased in the U.S. and some of the bribes passed through the U.S. banking system.
U.S. prosecutors are investigating senior Venezuelan officials, including members of the military, for laundering riches from food contracts through the U.S. financial system, a news agency learned from four people with direct knowledge of the probes. No charges have been brought.
Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Florida, said President Donald Trump should take immediate action to sanction the top officials named in the report.
“This should be one of President Trump’s first actions in office,” Rubio, who is chairman of the Foreign Relations subcommittee that oversees Latin America, said in a statement.
Documents and testimony were cited from business owners who pointed to food minister Gen. Rodolfo Marco Torres and his predecessor, Gen. Carlos Osorio, as key figures involved in fraudulent food imports. Neither official responded to requests for comment, but in the past, both have dismissed charges of corruption as empty accusations propagated by political opponents.
Congresswoman Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, R-Florida, said she is urging the State and Treasury Departments to apply sanctions to Marco Torres and Osorio, as well as anyone else getting rich off Venezuela’s food shortages. She is also asking that government agencies ensure U.S. companies are not doing business directly with any Venezuelan business owners fronting for corrupt officials. Sen. Bob Menendez, D-New Jersey, joined her in calling for those involved in food corruption to be held accountable.
In 2015, the Obama administration, at the urging of Rubio and Menendez, froze U.S. assets and denied visas for top Venezuelan officials accused of drug trafficking and of human rights violations during a wave of anti-government protests. Maduro responded by calling the U.S. lawmakers “terrorists” bent on destabilizing the oil-rich nation, and banned them from Venezuela.
Venezuelan lawmaker Carlos Berrizbeitia, who sits on the congressional audit committee, said sanctions or no, the opposition will do all it can to stop officials from participating in food trafficking.
“We welcome help from any country interested in investigating corruption in Venezuela, but we also have to keep up pressure on our own institutions to make sure they function properly,” he said. “We need to do everything possible to ensure they don’t rob a single dollar more from the food budget while the country is going hungry and people are eating from the trash.”
The Maduro administration rarely acknowledges accusations of corruption inside the military, and has not responded to the report. When he shook up his cabinet this month, replacing more than a dozen ministers, he kept Marco Torres at the helm of the Food Ministry.
Transparency International Chair José Ugaz said the lack of government response was in itself telling.
“It’s powerful that there’s been no reaction to such a strong report,” he said.
The story about corruption in the food supply under a socialist government sparked discussion even among Venezuelan leftists on the popular Aporrea website.
“Look at the disaster Carlos Osorio made of the Ministry of Food, and there were no consequences, just removal from office,” Esmeralda García wrote on Aporrea. “This has become a third rail that you can’t bring up for discussion, because it’s an open secret and no one does anything.”
On Monday, thousands of protesters marched through Caracas to demand that Maduro resign or allow a recall referendum to proceed.
“Recall hunger,” said one sign. Another, carried by student Sikiu Quintero, read, “Military, go back to your barracks.”
“We’re sick of going hungry,” Quintero said. “The military is totally corrupt and everyone knows now that they’re stealing our food.”
The issue also raised tempers in the hours-long food lines that have become common across Venezuela.
Yanet Montilla, who had lined up at dawn in hopes of buying rice for her three daughters, said she thinks only foreign intervention will bring change to Venezuela.
“It makes you mad because they don’t leave anything to take to your children,” she said. “But what are we going to do? We all have families and can’t risk getting killed in the street.”
HANNAH DREIER
JOSHUA GOODMAN
